It affects memory, muscle strength, and coordination. What happens when you meet up with mercury? The element damages multiple organ systems, but the neurological effects are the worst. Seafood is the best-known source of mercury exposure, but the element is also released into the air from industries, such as paper mills. Your biggest risk from this element isn't from the pure metal-which you can readily recognize on sight-but from organic mercury that works its way up the food chain. The liquid element has a high vapor pressure, so even if you don't touch it, you absorb it via inhalation. Mercury is a toxic metal that's dense enough that it can be absorbed into your body directly through your unbroken skin. While Mercury is located right next to gold on the periodic table, you can eat and wear gold, you'd do best to avoid mercury. There's a good reason you don't often find mercury in thermometers anymore. Mercury metal can be absorbed through your skin, but organic mercury is a much more common threat. Polonium is not an element you want to mess around with. Former spy Alexander Litvinenko was poisoned with a trace of polonium in his tea. So, one gram of Po-210, if ingested or injected, could kill 10 million people. The element is 250-thousand times more toxic than cyanide. 1 gram of polonium emits as many alpha particles as 5 kilograms of radium. The alpha particles emitted by polonium-210 don't have enough energy to penetrate the skin, but the element emits a lot of them. Should you happen to see polonium, you might notice something is a bit "off" about it because it excites molecules in the air to produce a blue glow. Polonium is used as an atomic heat source, in anti-static brushes for photographic film and industrial manufacturing, and as a nasty poison. Of all the elements on the list, it's the one you're least likely to encounter in person unless you work at a nuclear facility or are a target for assassination. Polonium is a rare, radioactive metalloid that occurs naturally. Polonium isn't much worse than any other radioactive element, until it gets inside your body!. Ready to meet the baddies? Take a look at this list of "the worst of the worst" to learn how to recognize these elements-and why you need to try your hardest to steer clear of them. The most reactive elements and compounds can ignite spontaneously-or even explosively, and generally burn in water as well as in the air. Reactivity: Some elements present a risk due to extreme reactivity.Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) defines a toxic chemical as any substance which can be considered harmful to the environment or hazardous to health if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through the skin. Toxicity: Some elements are dangerous because of their inherent toxicity.While radioisotopes can be made from any element, you'd do well to steer clear of any element from atomic number 84, polonium, all the way to element 118, oganesson (which is so new it was only named in 2016). Radioactivity: The obviously dangerous elements are those which are highly radioactive.What makes an element "bad"? There are three broad categories of nastiness: While we require some of them in order to survive, others are downright nasty. Nope! Most are invisible or innocuous-looking. They conduct electricity in molten state.You might think the worst chemical elements might offer some sort of warning, like smoke or a radioactive glow. They have high melting and boiling points.Ĥ. The resulting compound is called an ionic compound.Ģ. Therefore, when a metal reacts with a non-metal, a transfer of electrons takes place, resulting in the formation of an ionic bond. Metals are electropositive and have a tendency to lose electrons while non-metals are electronegative and have a tendency to accept electrons. Halogens are the non-metal elements which belong to group 17 of the periodic table. The following drawing clearly explains the reaction of Sodium and Fluorine: When Sodium and Fluorine react, a transfer of electrons takes place from Sodium to Fluorine and an ionic compound is formed. Sodium has 1 electron in its outermost shell whereas Fluorine has 7 electrons. Let us see the formation of an ionic compound, namely Sodium Fluoride (NaF), when Sodium (Group 1 element) reacts with Fluorine ( Group 17 element). Sodium (Na) and Potassium (K) are the two very reactive metals belonging to group 1 of the periodic table.
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